Biology Notes Unit 1

Carbohydrates * Carbohydrates argon made up of hydrogen, oxygen and carbon. * Carbohydrates hind end be categorised into three groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. * Monosaccharides ar commonly referred to as sugars and are small whits * Polysaccharides however act as energy breeds, starch and glycogen, and structural components, cellulose and chitin. * The formation of bonds between 2 monosaccharides is called condensation and the breakages of these bonds are called hydrolysis. Monosaccharide- these are the most basic forms of carbohydrates. These can be obligate away into two categories. * Pentose- Have five carbon atoms per molecule such(prenominal)(prenominal) as ribose and fructose. * Hexose- Have six carbon atoms per molecule such as alpha and of import glucoses. Disaccharide- A disaccharide is the carbohydrate execute when two monosaccharides undergo a condensation reaction. Some example s permit in * Sucrose -> glucose + fructose * Maltose -> glucose + glucose * Lactose -> galactose + glucose Polysaccharide- Polysaccharides are polymeric carbohydrate structures, formed of repeating units of each monosaccharides or disaccharides conjugated together by glycosidic bonds. amylum * A polymer of alpha glucose.

* It is use as food store for plants. * Starch is an Copernican storage molecule since it is compact, indissoluble in water, dormant to chemical substance reactions and is good hydrolysed when required. Glycogen * A polymer of alpha gluco se. * It is employ as an energy store ! in animals. * Glycogen is an important storage molecule since it is compact, insoluble in water, inert to chemical reactions and is easily hydrolysed when required. Cellulose * A polymer of beta glucose. * It is the constituent of cell walls and can be hydrolysed by ruminant animals by the action of cellulose enzymes. * and so it is not branched provided arranged in a ground substance which is bounded by hydrogen...If you want to get a climb essay, order it on our website: BestEssayCheap.com

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